Terpenes for Sore Muscles After a Shift: What the Research Supports

Terpenes for Sore Muscles After a Shift: What the Research Supports

The terpene with the most lab work behind it for sore muscles is also in black pepper. See what mouse studies show and what no human trial has tested yet.

Questions this article answers

  • best terpenes for muscle pain
  • best terpenes for pain and inflammation
  • which terpenes help sore muscles after work
  • does beta-caryophyllene help muscle soreness
  • how to read terpenes on a Michigan COA
October 12, 2026Updated October 17, 202625 min read
Jamie

Jamie

Head Cultivator

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The terpene with the most lab work behind it for sore muscles is also in your pepper shaker. I couldn't find a single human trial of it for ordinary after-work soreness.

I'm Jamie. I grow sun-grown, living-soil flower for Divine Toke. We're Detroit-rooted, and we sell by mail at divinetoke.org. There's no shop counter and no local delivery. My tolerance isn't a typical tolerance, so I won't tell you a jar fixed my shoulders.

Which terpenes have real research for muscle soreness? Early research suggests beta-caryophyllene has the most lab work behind it. Myrcene, linalool, pinene, and humulene follow, in animals and cells only. No human trial I found tests one terpene alone for ordinary sore muscles.

Which Terpenes Get Named for Muscle Pain? #

Five names keep coming up for a sore back: beta-caryophyllene, myrcene, linalool, alpha-pinene, and humulene. Early research suggests they are not equal. None has a human trial for ordinary muscle soreness after work.

The smells on a jar come from oils called terpenes: pepper, mango, lavender, pine, hops. THC, the molecule that gets you high, doesn't make them. Neither does CBD, the one people pick when they want less of that high. A menu that calls a smell a muscle cure is ahead of the papers.

If your shift is a ladder, a line, or a truck around Detroit, it's usually your low back, shoulders, or knees. That's who this page is for. When I say pain and inflammation here, I mean the sore, swollen feeling after hard work. I don't mean a stomach disease.

Terpene What it smells like Also shows up in Why people name it for pain
Beta-caryophyllene Black pepper, clove Pepper, cloves It can grab CB2, a lock on immune cells tied to swelling
Myrcene Mango, earth, musk Lemongrass, hops Old animal tests, plus a "body high" reputation
Linalool Lavender, soft floral Lavender oil Mouse pain tests, plus lavender's calm reputation
Alpha-pinene Pine needles Pine trees Lab reviews mention swelling. The muscle file is thin
Humulene Hops, wood Beer hops A 2007 animal swelling paper, often beside caryophyllene

CB2 is a receptor, like a lock on immune cells. Turning that lock can calm swelling in lab work. THC gets you high through a different lock, called CB1. Of these five, only beta-caryophyllene has a clean CB2 story.

If your problem is cramps, reflux, or a sour stomach, use the gut terpene article. Limonene, the citrus oil, lives on that list. Some names show up on both pages, but I'm not redoing belly advice here.

  • Pepper can mean caryophyllene. Mango-earth can mean myrcene. Lavender can mean linalool. Pine can mean pinene. Hops can mean humulene.
  • Two jars can share a scent and still show different numbers on a lab sheet.
  • A loud nose doesn't promise a quieter back tomorrow.

Is There Human Research on Terpenes for Sore Muscles? #

No. A 2025 review of cannabis terpenes in chronic pain says the lab work looks promising and human studies are thin. Ordinary muscle soreness after a shift isn't one of the trials.

Alfieri and colleagues (2025, PMC12389225) published that review on July 24, 2025, in the journal Pharmaceuticals. They covered myrcene, beta-caryophyllene, limonene, pinene, linalool, and humulene. The paths they list include CB2, some pain-sensing channels, and swelling signals called NF-kB and COX-2. Those are lab names for how irritated tissue sends a loud signal. The authors flag their own limits: methods vary, formulas aren't standard, and there aren't enough human studies.

That review is about chronic pain. It doesn't test a tradesperson's sore back the day after carrying pipe.

Terpene Strongest evidence I can stand behind Who was studied Human trial for ordinary sore muscles
Beta-caryophyllene Binds CB2. Cut paw swelling in mice. Eased nerve-pain behavior in mice Mice, and human cells in a dish No
Myrcene Lemongrass-oil tests in rats and mice. A cell study on a pain sensor Animals and cells No
Linalool Hot-plate test in mice. A mouse immune-cell dish Mice and cells No
Alpha-pinene Named in reviews. No clean muscle trial Mostly not people No
Humulene Paw swelling in mice and rats, beside caryophyllene Mice and rats No

Delayed onset muscle soreness, or DOMS, is the stiff ache after hard work. It shows up hours later and peaks the next day. I didn't find a human trial that randomly gave people one of these terpenes and measured that ache. If a budtender says "this terp is best for muscle pain," ask which paper, and whether the paper used people.

Whole-plant cannabis for ongoing pain is a different question. The cannabis for pain guide covers it. Its chronic-pain research says little about a terpene line on a jar.

A newer paper is still a mouse paper. Schwarz and colleagues (2025, PMC12005347) tested cannabis terpene blends in mice with long-lasting nerve pain. The blends reduced pain-like behavior. The authors tie that to adenosine A2A receptors, another lock in the nervous system. A nerve injury in a mouse tells you little about your shoulder after a Detroit shift. That result can't crown a single terpene winner.

Here's what holds up:

  • Early research suggests a few of these oils calm swelling or pain-like behavior in animals.
  • The 2025 review says human studies are the missing piece.
  • No paper on this page shows that a terpene percent on a jar fixes a sore back.

Why Does Beta-Caryophyllene Lead the Pain Papers? #

It's the one terpene with a named lock. Early research suggests beta-caryophyllene grabs CB2, a receptor tied to swelling. The clearest proof comes from mice and cells, not from people with sore backs.

The beta-caryophyllene guide has the deeper receptor walk-through. Here I stick to muscle soreness.

What the 2008 paper actually measured #

Gertsch and colleagues (2008, PMC2449371) reported that (E)-beta-caryophyllene selectively binds CB2. The binding number was a Ki of 155 nanomolar. In plain terms, it grabbed CB2 at a low test strength and didn't act like THC at CB1. You won't find 155 nanomolar on a jar label, so there's nothing to shop for there.

Three results from that paper:

  • In mice with normal CB2, they gave beta-caryophyllene by mouth at 5 milligrams per kilogram of body weight. It strongly reduced paw swelling from carrageenan, an irritant injected into the paw. Mice bred without CB2 saw no reduction. That's the cleanest "this lock matters" result in the set.
  • In human immune cells in a dish, 500 nanomolar beta-caryophyllene turned down swelling signals after a bacterial irritant called LPS. A dish of cells can't tell you about a sore back.
  • The authors call it a dietary cannabinoid because the same oil is in black pepper, cloves, and cannabis. Dietary just means it's in food. That doesn't make a pepper steak a pain treatment.

Five milligrams per kilogram in a mouse isn't a recipe for a joint. Don't multiply that figure by your body weight and look for it in flower.

What the 2014 mouse pain paper added #

Klauke and colleagues (2014) gave mice beta-caryophyllene by mouth and watched their pain-like behavior. In an inflammatory pain test, it eased the later phase, not the first sharp moment. In a nerve-pain model, ongoing oral use eased heat sensitivity and light-touch pain. It also lowered swelling signals in the spine. The effect didn't wear off across the treatment window, the way it can with some drugs. It's still a mouse paper, with no human muscle arm.

Claim you will hear What the papers support What they do not support
"It is the pain terpene" Best CB2 story of the five. Mouse swelling and mouse nerve pain A human trial for sore muscles after work
"It will not get you high" It does not activate CB1 the way THC does, in the 2008 binding work That a peppery flower is non-intoxicating. Flower still has THC
"Pepper means it will help my back" Pepper and cloves are rich in the same oil That your back will feel better because the jar smells like pepper

On a lab sheet, look for beta-caryophyllene, b-caryophyllene, or trans-caryophyllene. Labs spell it different ways. A peppery nose can point you to a jar. The number on the sheet is what the lab measured, and even a big number isn't a clinical result.

What Do Myrcene, Linalool, Pinene, and Humulene Actually Show? #

Animal papers and cell dishes. Early research suggests each one can change a pain or swelling signal in a lab. None has a human trial for sore muscles, and none of those papers tested cannabis flower.

Myrcene #

Myrcene smells like mango, damp earth, and hops. It's often the loudest terpene in dried flower, which is why menus treat it like a body-high switch. The sleep and couch side of that story is in the myrcene guide. Muscle soreness is a different claim.

Lorenzetti and colleagues (1991) worked with lemongrass, not cannabis. An oral lemongrass infusion eased paw pain in rats. When they split the oil, myrcene was the main piece that carried that effect. They also saw it in mice. Unlike morphine in that rat test, myrcene didn't build tolerance. The authors said the result fits folk use of lemongrass tea. They tested neither a shift worker nor smoked flower.

Jansen and colleagues (2019, PMC6768052) worked in cells. Myrcene was the terpene that most strongly opened TRPV1, a heat-and-pain sensor. Capsaicin from hot peppers hits the same sensor. Opening a sensor in a dish can mean the molecule talks to pain hardware. It doesn't show that myrcene relaxes a human trapezius.

So myrcene's file is narrow: some animal and cell work. "Muscle relaxant" on a menu is a reputation, and no trial backs it for sore muscles.

Linalool #

Linalool smells like lavender. The calm and sleep angle is in the linalool guide. For pain, the classic work is also lab and animal work.

Peana and colleagues (2006) found that linalool's effect on a mouse hot-plate test involved adenosine receptors. Block those receptors and the pain-calming effect shrank at the higher amounts they tested. A hot plate is a lab timer for how fast a mouse reacts to heat. That's a long way from next-day soreness after framing.

A second Peana paper the same year used a mouse immune-cell line. Linalool cut nitric oxide, one of the chemical shouts inflamed cells make. Again, a dish.

Lavender oil in a bottle is concentrated. Linalool on a flower panel is usually a small line under the louder oils. An aromatherapy result doesn't carry over to your jar.

Alpha-pinene and humulene #

Alpha-pinene smells like pine needles. People like it because the jar feels bright instead of sleepy. The pinene guide covers that focus angle. For sore muscles, I won't borrow pine-oil papers from other plants and pass them off as cannabis trials. Alfieri's 2025 review files pinene with the other terpenes as lab and animal work on pain and swelling. It says human studies are still the gap. That's as far as I'll take pinene.

Humulene smells like hops. The humulene guide covers the daytime, less-hungry angle. The swelling paper people lean on is older, and it didn't study human backs.

Fernandes and colleagues (2007) isolated alpha-humulene and trans-caryophyllene from a Brazilian plant oil, Cordia verbenacea. Given by mouth, both cut paw swelling in mice and rats from several irritants. Both cut TNF-alpha, an inflammatory signal, in rats after carrageenan. Humulene also cut IL-1beta, another one of those signals. In that lab, the effect sat in the same range as dexamethasone, a steroid they used as the comparison. That was animals only, and it's no reason to skip a clinician.

Humulene and caryophyllene often show up in the same oils, so seeing both on a lab sheet is common. Adding their animal papers together doesn't make a human muscle result.

Name on the panel Plain smell Paper I would actually name Do not turn it into
Myrcene Mango, earth Lorenzetti 1991, rats and mice. Jansen 2019, cells "This will unclench my back"
Linalool Lavender Peana 2006, mice and cells "The jar is a bottle of lavender oil"
Alpha-pinene Pine Alfieri 2025 review, lab and animal bucket A proven muscle oil
Humulene Hops Fernandes 2007, mice and rats A steroid, or a human trial

Is a Topical Better Than Flower After a Shift? #

A rub is the more local idea. The human trials that exist are small CBD cream studies for joints and nerves. None tested a terpene from flower or ordinary muscle soreness. Inhaled flower is a whole-body THC product. I found no head-to-head trial of the two for a sore back after work.

The topicals guide has the longer product walk-through.

Trial Who What they rubbed on What happened What it doesn't cover
Heineman 2022 18 adults with thumb arthritis CBD at 6.2 mg per mL in shea butter, vs shea butter alone, 2 weeks each Pain and hand-disability scores improved on CBD vs the plain butter. No adverse events in the report Shoulders, terpenes, or DOMS
Xu 2020 29 adults with nerve pain in the feet CBD oil at 250 mg per 3 fl oz, vs placebo, 4 weeks Intense pain, sharp pain, cold, and itchy feelings dropped more on CBD Muscle soreness after work
D'Andre 2024, PMC11685298 40 adults with chemo-related nerve pain CBD cream vs placebo cream, 2 weeks each way The nerve-pain scores did not separate from placebo. The cream was mostly tolerated. Trial ID NCT05388058 Proof that a CBD rub always works

The third row shows a real trial can come back empty. A few small CBD cream trials look useful for some joint and nerve pain. That's thin ground for expecting a dispensary balm to erase a back you loaded all day.

Flower is a different product. You breathe it in, and THC reaches the brain and the rest of the body. On a COA (certificate of analysis, the lab sheet for a batch), the terpene line is a small slice of the gram. It isn't the CBD cream from those trials.

Skin is also a wall. Filipiuc and colleagues (2023, PMC10386449) review cannabinoids on skin. They separate products that stay in the skin from products built to pass through it. The formula decides a lot of that. Terpenes are oily and can enter the outer skin layer. That's no proof they reach a deep shoulder muscle at a useful strength.

If you have another shift coming, read the Michigan drug-testing article before you smoke. THC can show up on a test long after you feel sober. A sore back is a bad reason to gamble a job.

Here's how I'd shop it. This isn't a treatment plan.

  • A local ache, and you need a clear head for the next shift: look at a tested topical. Judge it over a few days, not the first hour.
  • You want the whole-plant effect and you're off the clock: flower is the product you already know. If you're curious, shop the panel for pepper, mango, lavender, pine, or hops. Don't expect the terpene line to do what it did in the mouse papers.
  • Pain that shoots down a leg, follows a fall, or won't calm down: that's a clinician visit.

How Do You Find These Terpenes on a Michigan COA? #

Ask for the terpene page on the certificate of analysis, the lab sheet for that exact package. Michigan doesn't require that page. If you get one, match it to the jar in your hand, then look for the five names.

The guide to reading a Michigan terpene panel explains the tags and two codes. ND means not detected. LOQ is the smallest amount the lab can measure reliably. Safety tests are a separate thing from smell chemistry, and what lab-tested means in Michigan covers them.

Mich. Admin. Code R. 420.305 lists the required safety tests: potency, foreign matter, microbes, chemical residue, metals, leftover solvents where the rule applies, and water activity. Terpene analysis is allowed, but it isn't part of the pass-fail safety tests. The CRA sampling and testing guidance uses terpenes as its example of a COA result that isn't a required Metrc field. Metrc is the state's seed-to-sale tracking system.

A CRA proposed-rules summary has floated standard terpene testing for flower. A proposal isn't a rule you can count on at the counter today. If a budtender says the shop has no terpene page, that can be true and still legal. If they can't show a safety COA for the package in your hand, that's a different problem.

Percent versus milligrams per gram #

Labs print terpenes as a percent of the flower's weight, as milligrams per gram, or both. The math is simple.

One gram is 1,000 milligrams. One percent of that gram is 10 milligrams.

What the sheet says Same amount the other way How I treat it when I shop
0.10% 1 mg/g A whisper. Easy to overread
0.50% 5 mg/g A real line. No study says what it does for you
1.00% 10 mg/g Loud for one terpene. No human trial behind it

The 5 mg/g line and the mouse figure of 5 mg per kilogram sound alike but measure different things. One is a slice of a gram of flower. The other was an amount per kilogram of mouse, given by mouth, in a paw-swelling test. They don't match up.

Before you trust any of those numbers:

  1. Match the package tag on the jar to the ID on the COA header. Wrong lot, wrong flower.
  2. Check the product type. A vape oil's terpene table won't tell you about the eighth beside it.
  3. Find the five names. Spellings drift: beta-caryophyllene, myrcene, linalool, alpha-pinene or a-pinene, humulene or alpha-humulene.
  4. A missing name usually means the lab didn't test for it or it was too small to report. It isn't a hidden high score.
  5. Smell the jar if the shop lets you. Your nose tells you what's loud, and the sheet tells you what the lab measured.

I'm not printing a Divine Toke terpene panel here, because I won't make up lab numbers for a batch. When you buy our flower, or anyone's, the sheet for your package is the only panel that counts.

What Should You Do for Sore Muscles Before You Shop? #

Start with recovery steps that already have human trials for soreness after hard exercise. Massage and easy movement have a much stronger human record than any oil on this page.

Dupuy and colleagues (2018, PMC5932411) pooled 99 studies on what people do after hard exercise. They tracked delayed onset muscle soreness, fatigue, muscle-damage markers, and swelling markers. Massage came out strongest for soreness and fatigue. Active recovery (easy movement, not another hard shift) also reduced soreness scores. So did compression garments, water immersion, contrast water (switching between hot and cold), and cryotherapy (cold). Stretching was searched too, but it wasn't in the group that clearly moved those scores.

What people already do What that 2018 review found What I would not claim
Massage, even a simple one Strongest signal for DOMS and fatigue That you need a spa
Easy movement the next day Active recovery reduced soreness scores That you should go lift the same load again
Ice or cold water Cryotherapy was in the group that reduced soreness That ice heals a torn muscle
A long static stretch Not in the winning set That stretching is useless. It just wasn't the result they crowned
A hot shower after a cold shift Not the endpoint of this review That heat is fake. It's comfort. The pooled soreness wins were massage, easy movement, and cold methods

A hot shower after work is still reasonable. It just isn't the trial winner, since the pooled papers pointed elsewhere. Easy movement was one of the methods that cut soreness scores, so total bed rest is a weak plan. Sleep still matters, though. If you're wiped out, sleep.

When the cold is part of the ache #

Detroit in October is a different body problem than August. NWS Detroit/Pontiac monthly normals put the October average near 62°F by day and 44°F at night for 1991–2020. A work-sore back can feel louder on the walk to the truck when the night is in the 40s. If your knees and hands ache when the air drops, read cold nights and stiff joints. If the ache comes from what you carried, stay on this page. In a Michigan October, both can happen in the same week.

See a clinician if the pain is new after a fall, shoots down a leg, or comes with numbness. Same if it isn't easing after several days. A joint can't tell you whether you have a bad disc or a tear.

A Michigan medical card is the wrong tool for one sore shift. The CRA eligible-conditions list names chronic pain and arthritis, and a physician certifies those. "I framed all day" isn't on that list. Adults 21 and older can buy adult-use cannabis without a card under MCL 333.27955. The card is a medical path for a real condition, so a rough Tuesday doesn't count. Ongoing pain, the kind that outlasts a shift, is covered in the pain guide, and that conversation includes your own clinician.

How Is This Different From Terpenes for Your Stomach? #

Some names overlap, but the job is different. The gut article is for a sour stomach. This one is for muscles that hurt after physical work. Early research suggests beta-caryophyllene turns up in both because swelling can happen in the gut or in muscle.

If your issue is cramping, reflux, or the gut, the best terpene profiles for digestive comfort article is the one to read. I'm not giving a colitis plan, a Crohn's plan, or a strain list for your stomach here.

Question you actually have Page that owns it Terpene note
Sour stomach, cramps, reflux Gut terpene profiles Limonene, the citrus oil, is a gut-list regular. It's not the star here
Sore back, shoulders, or knees after a shift This article Caryophyllene has the CB2 papers. The human muscle trial is still missing
Ongoing pain that outlasts a workweek Cannabis for pain Whole-plant cannabis. No single terpene line is the point
Knees that complain when Detroit nights hit the 40s Cold nights, stiff joints Weather and joints. The ladder soreness stays here

Beta-caryophyllene, myrcene, linalool, and humulene can appear on a stomach list and on a muscle list. The animal papers are about swelling and pain-like behavior. Filing the same oil under the belly or under the back doesn't add a new trial.

FAQ: Terpenes, Sore Muscles, and a Michigan COA #

What is the best terpene for muscle pain? #

Beta-caryophyllene has the most lab work behind it. "Best" still doesn't mean a human trial for sore muscles. Gertsch and colleagues (2008, PMC2449371) showed it binds CB2. At 5 milligrams per kilogram by mouth, it cut paw swelling in mice that have that receptor. That same oil is in black pepper. Alfieri's 2025 review (PMC12389225) says human terpene studies are still the gap. Shop peppery flower if you want that oil in the jar, but not as a proven back treatment.

Does beta-caryophyllene help sore muscles? #

No human trial has tested it for sore muscles yet. The 2014 mouse paper from Klauke and colleagues found oral beta-caryophyllene eased inflammatory and nerve-pain behavior in mice. Nerve pain in a mouse is a long way from the stiffness you feel the morning after a long shift. The mouse work points at a real lock, but it can't tell you how your shoulders will feel.

Is myrcene a muscle relaxant? #

That line is a reputation. The papers are animal and cell work. Lorenzetti and colleagues (1991) found myrcene carried the pain-calming effect of lemongrass oil in rats and mice. Jansen and colleagues (2019, PMC6768052) found myrcene was the terpene that most strongly opened TRPV1, a pain-and-heat sensor, in cells. Neither study measured a person's sore back.

Can linalool help a sore back? #

Not according to any human muscle trial I can cite. Peana and colleagues (2006) tied linalool's hot-plate effect in mice to adenosine receptors. A second Peana study saw it cut nitric oxide in a mouse immune-cell line. Lavender oil in a bottle is a concentrated product. A small linalool percent on dried flower is a different thing.

Do pinene or humulene calm swelling? #

Humulene has a real animal swelling paper. Pinene's muscle file is thinner. Neither has a human sore-muscle trial. Fernandes and colleagues (2007) found oral alpha-humulene and trans-caryophyllene each cut paw swelling in mice and rats. Pinene sits in the lab-and-animal bucket of the 2025 Alfieri review, and it doesn't earn a "best for backs" ranking. A pine smell tells you the jar leans that way. It doesn't score anything clinical.

Will smoking peppery flower fix my back? #

No. Peppery flower can be rich in beta-caryophyllene, but that doesn't turn a mouse paper into your result. The 2008 work gave mice a measured oral amount. A joint is THC plus a mix of oils, burned, in a person. If you have another shift soon, read the drug-testing article first. Feeling fine and testing clean are two different things.

Are cannabis topicals better for a local ache? #

They are more local. The human evidence is still about joints and nerves, and it is mixed. Heineman and colleagues (2022) saw pain scores improve in 18 adults with thumb arthritis using a CBD cream. D'Andre and colleagues (2024, PMC11685298) did not see a CBD cream beat placebo in 40 adults with chemo-related nerve pain. None of it is a terpene trial for post-work muscle soreness. More product detail is in the topicals guide.

Does Michigan require terpenes on the label? #

No. A terpene panel is optional. It isn't a required safety test. R. 420.305 requires potency, microbes, metals, and the other safety checks, and it allows terpene analysis on the side. The CRA testing guidance uses terpenes as the example of a COA result with no required Metrc field. Ask for the page. Don't assume the jar has one.

How do I convert a terpene percent to mg/g? #

One percent equals 10 milligrams per gram. A line that reads 0.50% beta-caryophyllene is 5 mg in each gram of flower. The mouse figure in the 2008 Gertsch paper was also a 5, but it was milligrams per kilogram of body weight. Different units, different species. The longer COA lesson is reading a Michigan terpene panel.

Can I get a Michigan medical card for sore muscles? #

Not for one sore shift. The CRA eligible-conditions list names chronic pain and arthritis. A physician has to certify a real condition. Adults 21 and older can buy adult-use cannabis without a card under MCL 333.27955. The card isn't built for next-day stiffness. If the pain is ongoing, start with a clinician, then read the pain guide for background.

Should I skip heat, movement, or a doctor? #

No. Do the boring things first. In the Dupuy 2018 review of 99 studies (PMC5932411), massage was the strongest method for delayed onset muscle soreness and fatigue. Easy movement also reduced soreness scores. A hot shower can feel good even though that review's clearest wins were massage, easy movement, and cold methods. New pain, pain down a leg, or numbness is a clinician visit.

Is this the same advice as the gut terpene list? #

No. The stomach page covers stomach problems, and this one covers muscles. Best terpene profiles for digestive comfort is where limonene and gut complaints belong. This page is the shift-work back, shoulders, and knees. Shared names like beta-caryophyllene don't make the articles the same. If Detroit nights in the 40s are the trigger, add cold nights and stiff joints.

If You Still Want Flower #

Flower isn't a muscle prescription. If you still want some, read the terpene page for the package in your hand and keep the human-trial gap in mind.

If you want sun-grown, living-soil flower from a Detroit-rooted brand, Divine Toke sells it by mail at divinetoke.org. There's no storefront and no local delivery. Pre-rolls are 1 gram. The 20-pack is 20 of those 1 gram joints for $120. I'm not giving any of that flower a muscle job. Pair it with sleep, easy movement, and a real clinician when the pain is more than next-day soreness.

Related reading:

This article is for educational purposes only and is not medical advice. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting any new wellness routine.

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